There are many sources of revenue for the musician/songwriter/composer.
Performance Royalties - issued in the US through BMI, ASCAP and SESAC, which are usage on radio, TV, restaurants, concerts, stores, internet, streaming.
Mechanical Royalties - from the writers/publishers share of record/CD sales, iTunes sales, Amazon and others.
CCLI income from churches for using worships songs.
If you are playing music or even pretending to play music (sidelining) on a TV show or in a Movie there is something called "Secondary Market Revenue" that is paid based on your percentage of the entire union contract.
Union jingles sessions pay "mailbox money" as reuse every 13 weeks.
Union record sessions will pay again if your name is attached to a song and that recording is used in a TV, commercial or film or other such use.
Can't afford to go to college? Think you are too old? Don't have the time? Be Your Own College. #1 - Figure out what you need to learn. #2 - Figure out how to learn it. #3 - Learn it. You will probably learn more from #1 and #2 than #3 surprisingly.
A very important question. Should you go to music school? Will a degree in music make a career in music more likely? Possibly. If your school is in a major music town like LA, NY, Nashville, Miami or Atlanta it could help you forge long lasting connections.
Here are a list of subjects I hope to cover in this series (adding to it all the time)....
Gigging - be prepared
Writing
Publishing
ASCAP/BMI
Session Work
Music Schools
Record deals
Touring
Writing for TV and film
Cue Sheets
BMI Statements
Library Work
Gear Acquisition
NAMM
Practicing - time management
Keep learning
Learn new instruments
Traits of Artists
Traits of successful musicians
Writing Pop Music
Split Sheets
Cue Sheets
YouTube
Streaming - Spotify, et al.
Social Media - Instagram and Twitter
Joining the Union
Being where the action is
Learning ProTools/Logic
Getting and Keeping Students
Contracting
Be Open to a Different Career in the Business
Be Upwardly Mobile
Home Studios
Making Connections
Getting in the Game
Live Small (below your means)
Producing
Film Sessions vs Record sessions
Powerful People
Don’t Believe Everything
It’s not who you know, it’s who knows you
Take Yourself to College
Here are list of jobs I've done in and related to the business of music (adding to this list all the time too!)...
Working in a Record Store
Working in a Guitar Store
Running Sound at a Nightclub
Teaching Private Lessons
Teaching Clinics
Teaching a Class at USC
Guitar Coaching Actors
Copy Work (doing charts)
Playing Jazz Gigs
Playing Top 40 Gigs
Playing Classical Music at a Restaurant
Playing Weddings (classical guitar)
Playing Rock Gigs
Playing in Cover Bands
Playing in Original Bands
Playing in a Pit Band (for plays/musicals)
Playing in Worship Bands
Leading Worship
Writing Worship Songs
Writing Rock Songs
Writing Classical Songs
Writing Pop Songs
Writing Music for Television
Writing Music for Film
Being a Music Director
Being a Contractor
Playing on Records/CD's
Playing on Movies
Playing on TV Shows
Playing on Jingles
Sidelining in TV Shows (on camera appearances)
Producing Records
Developing Artists
Are you struggling trying to make it in music? Maybe you're meant to play a different role. And if you find success in that different role you'll no doubt find it more satisfying going "somewhere" than going "nowhere".
From back in 1990. The engineer was Tim Bomba who helped me to sound good with mediocre gear. This from the early 90's sitcom Herman's Head. I played on the theme. It was quite a complex piece of music with all the personalities in the opening credits...
Had crap for gear but the composer and the engineer made me sound good. Think I was playing an Ibanez Roadstar through a Yamaha Rex 50 and a Fender solid state amp and an Acoustic 164 amp. Like I said "crap".
I'm in the first 5 seconds of this show, in the fake 80's video, I'm the guitarist on the right in the Brian May wig. This took all day because we had to be around and ready to go when the production was ready for us. We filmed an entire rock video on a green screen. Which meant several times through the song doing different things each time. With different camera placement, etc.
It was fun talking guitar with John Taylor between takes. Here's the show...
Another way to supplement ones income as a musician is to "sideline". "Sideliners" are the musicians you see in feature films and network TV shows. Membership in the Musician's Union is a requirement and thus sidelining can result in residuals and special payments that can add up a bit as the shows and movies continue to air through the years. This can be a few dollars or a few hundred dollars.
Sidelining isn't particularly consistent or that lucrative, but a different way to spend your day, get dressed up, hang out with some famous people and maybe even get a free haircut. Below is an example of me sidelining on an episode of Ugly Betty featuring Gene Simmons from Kiss, who I got to hang with a bit. I the guitarist in the blue vest...
The whole scene took about 8 hours to film and my feet were aching after spending the day in prop shoes. They shellacked my long hair back in an effort make me look like an accountant but I was ctually expecting them to cut my hair off. Afterwards the hair stylist who knew I disappointed about not getting a Hollywood haircut gave me a free one after shooting was done. She gingerly cut off my ponytail to give to the Disney wig department. My hair may be famous now.
One funny story- I was getting my make-up on at the same time as Gene Simmons. The guy doing his make-up was done in about two minutes.
"That's it?" Gene asked.
"Do you usually wear more make-up?" replied the make-up artist.
Here are some ways I've paid the bills as a musician:
Working in a Record Store
Working in a Guitar Store
Running Sound at a Nightclub
Teaching Private Lessons
Teaching Clinics
Teaching a Class at USC
Guitar Coaching Actors
Copy Work (doing charts) - You'll need Finale 2011
Playing Jazz Gigs
Playing Top 40 Gigs
Playing Classical Music at a Restaurant
Playing Weddings (classical guitar)
Playing Rock Gigs
Playing in Cover Bands
Playing in Original Bands
Playing in a Pit Band (for plays/musicals)
Playing in Worship Bands
Leading Worship
Writing Worship Songs
Writing Rock Songs
Writing Classical Songs
Writing Pop Songs
Writing Music for Television
Writing Music for Film
Being a Music Director
Being a Contractor
Playing on Records/CD's
Playing on Movies
Playing on TV Shows
Playing on Jingles
Sidelining in TV Shows (on camera appearances)*
Producing Records
Developing Artists
All of these things I got paid to do. Music is a great career for those who like variety. The opportunities up and down the music biz food chain are probably why you don't see a lot of musicians waiting tables.
With the exception of my second job at a Mexican restaurant right out of high school and a job working for a jewelry manufacturer, all of the jobs I've held have had something to do with music and/or playing guitar. It's not a career for the easily discouraged or for someone who likes or needs job security. But it is a field that rewards creativity. And chance takers. And those confident and skilled.
The musicians who continue to hone their craft and develop the skills employed by those further up the ladder employing them will see their career continue to grow, along with their sphere of influence. I've seen it happen all around me as well as in my own career.